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#CellBiology

7 posts7 participants1 post today
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ma𝕏pool

3rd method if inheritance besides DNA and RNA: Amyloid-like protein structures that have the ability to replicate making them possible inheritance vectors.

Noncanonical inheritance of phenotypic information by protein amyloids nature.com/articles/s41556-024

>we identify amyloid-like protein structures that are stably inherited in wild-type animals and influence traits. Their perturbation by genetic, environmental or pharmacological treatments leads to developmental phenotypes that can be epigenetically passed onto progeny.

NatureNoncanonical inheritance of phenotypic information by protein amyloids - Nature Cell BiologyEroglu et al. describe protein amyloid structures that are stably inherited across generations and transmit epigenetic memory in Caenorhabditis elegans. MSTR protein loss results in a transgenerational feminization phenotype through ectopic GLD-1 expression.
#biology#cellbiology#epigenetics
Public
Nicola Romanò

Our new preprint is now out!

Dynamic transcriptional heterogeneity in pituitary corticotrophs

biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

We analysed publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing data of pituitary gland tissue and looked at corticotrophs, cells that are central to mediate stress responses.

We identified several transcriptional states in these cells that are related to how they respond to stress. Cells are able to transition between these states and this might be helpful for them to respond to stress coming at unpredictable times.

We also highlight issues related to using scRNAseq to look at functional subpopulations of cells.

bioRxiv · Dynamic transcriptional heterogeneity in pituitary corticotrophsA large body of evidence has shown that corticotrophs, the anterior pituitary cells central to the generation of hormonal stress responses, exhibit heterogeneous functional behavior, suggesting the presence of functional sub-populations of corticotrophs. We investigated whether this was the case at the transcriptomic level by conducting a comprehensive analysis of scRNA-seq datasets from rodent pituitary cells. We envisaged two alternative scenarios, one where robust subtypes of corticotrophs exist, and the other where these subpopulations were only transient states, possibly transitioning into one another. Our findings suggest that corticotrophs transition between multiple transcriptional states rather than existing as rigidly defined subpopulations. We employed marker gene-based comparisons and whole transcriptome label transfer approaches to analyze transcriptional signatures across datasets. Marker-based clustering revealed strikingly low similarity in the identified subpopulations across datasets. This analysis evidenced the presence of transcriptional states with different functional relevance, related to different stages of hormonal signalling. Similarly, the label transfer approach, which considers non-linear interactions across the entire transcriptome showed that transcriptional states could be detected across independent datasets. This classification relied on broader gene expression patterns rather than conventional marker genes, reinforcing the notion of continuous rather than discrete cell states. Furthermore, trajectory analysis by RNA velocity indicated dynamic transitions between transcriptional states, suggesting the presence of transcriptional mechanisms facilitating rapid recruitment of corticotrophs in response to physiological demands. Our findings align with evidence from other endocrine cell types, such as lactotrophs and pancreatic β-cells, where hormone secretion is linked to fluctuating transcriptional activity. The observed transitions in corticotroph states suggest a mechanism allowing flexible hormonal responses to unpredictable and time-varying stressful events. Additionally, this study highlights the challenges associated with scRNA-seq methodologies, including data sparsity, batch effects, and pseudoreplication, underscoring the need for rigorous experimental design and reproducibility in single-cell transcriptomics research. These insights contribute to a broader understanding of pituitary cell plasticity and endocrine adaptation mechanisms. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
#scrnaseq#stress#physiology
Public
Stephen Royle

Very interesting preprint from Jurgen Klingauf and colleagues demonstrating that synaptic vesicle retrieval is clathrin-mediated.

The debate over the mechanism has been going since the 1970s. In recent years, ultra-fast endocytosis has become accepted. In this paper it's argued that if you look at retrieval of cargo, rather than membrane, then it is mainly driven by clathrin.

biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

bioRxiv · A slow and clathrin-dependent mode of compensatory endocytosis in hippocampal boutons at near-physiological temperatureThe mode of presynaptic compensatory endocytosis has been controversial for decades. Recently, an ultrastructural study on synaptic membrane retrieval following synaptic vesicle fusion revealed an ultrafast mechanism of endocytosis in mouse hippocampal synapses at physiological temperature. Using live cell imaging of single-vesicle exo- and endocytosis in mouse hippocampal synapses, combined with accelerated optogenetic acidification of synaptic vesicles, we found that compensatory endocytosis occurs mostly through a slow clathrin-dependent and actin-independent mode at both room and physiological temperatures. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
#neuroscience#CellBiology
Public
CSBJ

🧬 Can AI decode the hidden language of cells?

This review article explores how machine learning (ML) is revolutionizing the analysis of complex cellular systems, helping researchers dissect how cells respond to genetic, chemical, and environmental perturbations.

🔗 Machine learning to dissect perturbations in complex cellular systems. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2025.02

📚 CSBJ: csbj.org

Machine learning to dissect perturbations in complex cellular systems. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2025.02.028
#AI#MachineLearning#CellBiology
Public
MPI for the Science of Light

Neighborhood dispute among cells: Whoever successfully transmits force wins

Cells constantly compete, eliminating weaker ones to maintain tissue health. Researchers from #MPZPM, #InstitutJacquesMonod and #NielsBohrInstitute discovered a new strategy in mechanical cell competition: the ability to transmit force determines the winner. Their findings challenge classical views on #CellCompetition.

Learn more 👉 mpzpm.mpg.de/news/news-details

#science #research #cellbiology

📸 Lucas Anger

Drawing showing how mechanical forces shape cell competition and elimination at tissue boundaries.
Public
Science Updates

"There's no explanation other than that these cells are breathing oxygen at the same time that they are breathing elemental sulfur," said first study author and Montana State University graduate student Lisa Keller.

"This is really interesting, and it creates so many more questions," Keller added. "We don't know how widespread this is, but it opens the door for a lot of exploring."

#biology #science #research #nature #cellBiology #microbiology

labroots.com/trending/cell-and

LabrootsThe Unique Chemical Abilities of a Yellowstone Bacterium are Revealed | Cell And Molecular BiologyThe microbial communities that live in Yellowstone National Park are diverse and complex. The park is home to numerous fumaroles, geysers, and mud pots... | Cell And Molecular Biology
Public
mechanochemistry

New preprint from the Balasubramanian lab

"Fluorescent protein tags for human tropomyosin isoform comparison”

doi.org/10.1101/2025.02.25.640

bioRxiv · Fluorescent protein tags for human tropomyosin isoform comparisonTropomyosin is an important actin cytoskeletal protein underpinning processes such as muscle contraction, cell shape and cell division. Defects in tropomyosin function can lead to diseases, including some myopathies and allergies. In cells, tropomyosin molecules form coiled-coil dimers, which then polymerise end-to-end with other dimers for actin association. Tropomyosin is challenging to tag for in vivo fluorescence microscopy without perturbing its polymerisation interfaces. We recently developed a fluorescent tag comprising a forty amino acid flexible linker capable of detecting tropomyosin in S. pombe actin cables and the actomyosin ring, and in patch-like structures that were previously unappreciated. We also used this strategy successfully to tag human TPM2.2, a prominent human muscle isoform. Here, we expand this tool to visualise eight other human tropomyosin isoforms, using mNeonGreen, mCherry and mStayGold tags. All show typical tropomyosin fluorescence, no signs of cytotoxicity and are compatible with super-resolution microscopy. These tools singly or in combination should aid detailed mechanistic investigations of tropomyosin isoforms. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.
#CellBiology#Microscopy#Cytoskeleton
Public
Mary Fesenko

We received this payment card protector to incentivise us to take part in an Office for National Statistics Crime survey.
I said, ‘ah they’ve used the classic Biorender concentric-ring endoplasmic reticulum icon as their logo.’
My partner responded, ‘I think that’s meant to be a finger print because it talks about protecting your identity.’
Only the real ones would understand… #CellBiology #membranetraffic

A payment card protector in black paper packaging with ‘Protecting your identity…’ written on it. In the bottom left-hand corner there is a quarter-circle graphic made up of concentric rings with breaks. To some - it looks like part of a fingerprint, but if you’re a cell biologist, it’s clearly the ER.
Public
Dr. Marie McNeely

From growing up on a cattle farm in rural Virginia to leading his own research lab at UCSF, Dr. Kyle Cromer shares his career path, including his exciting work using genome editing to introduce new functions into cells for different therapeutic purposes. We hear about how he overcame failed experiments and burnout, as well as some of his latest research successes. Learn more about Kyle's life and science in our latest podcast episode!

peoplebehindthescience.com/dr-

Thank you to Innovative Research for providing support for this episode!

On the left side of the image, there is a headshot photo of Dr. Kyle Cromer. On the right side, the text at the top reads, "Episode 801 featuring Dr. Kyle Cromer". The cover art for our podcast is included below. The text in the image reads, "People Behind the Science with Dr. Marie McNeely."
#UCSF#GeneEditing#genetics
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