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#russianrevolution

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#Leon_Trotsky was highly critical of the #Stalinist_USSR for suppressing #Democracy and the lack of adequate coherent #EconomicPlanning. :skp904:

In Results and Prospects, written in 1906, #Trotsky outlines his theory in detail, arguing: "History does not repeat itself. However much one may compare the #RussianRevolution with the Great French Revolution, the former can never be transformed into a repetition of the latter."
In the #FrenchRevolution of 1789, France experienced what Marxists called a "bourgeois-democratic revolution"—a regime was established wherein the bourgeoisie overthrew the existing French feudalistic system. The bourgeoisie then moved towards establishing a regime of #DemocraticParliamentaryInstitutions.

However, while democratic rights were extended to the bourgeoisie, they were not generally extended to a universal franchise. The freedom for workers to organize unions or to strike was not achieved without considerable struggle.

Trotsky argues that because a majority of the branches of industry in Russia originated under the direct influence of government measures—sometimes with the help of government subsidies—the capitalist class was again tied to the ruling elite. The capitalist class was subservient to European capital.

*** 21st century - What has changed is the capitalist class has divided, unequally, creating Hyper-Capitalism. Hyper-Capitalists (#Billionaires and #Trillionaires) influence elections (Mass Media and Campaign Fund Raising), so that the political class become subservient to them. In time, they become directively and publically involved in government. #HyperCaptitalists #HyperCapitalism
#Musk #TrumpRegime #TrumpCoup #Trump

𝗪𝗜𝗞𝗜𝗣𝗘𝗗𝗜𝗔'𝗦 𝗙𝗘𝗔𝗧𝗨𝗥𝗘𝗗 𝗔𝗥𝗧𝗜𝗖𝗟𝗘

✧ Anna Filosofova ✧

Anna Filosofova (1837–1912) was a Russian feminist of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Born into a noble family, she married Vladimir Filosofov at a young age and had six children. Concerned with the plight of serfs, Filosofova became a feminist in the late 1850s, educated in the salon of Maria Trubnikova. Alongside Trubnikova and Nadezh...

#Filosofova #RussianRevolution #Trubnikova #Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Fil

The Evolution of Soviets: From Revolutionary Origins to Bolshevik Power

🔴 Soviets: From workers' spontaneous councils to revolutionary power structures! A remarkable journey through Russia's political transformation, revealing how grassroots movements can reshape entire societies. #RussianRevolution #SovietHistory #PoliticalChange 🚩 Introduction: The Birth of a Revolutionary Concept Soviets emerged as grassroots councils representing workers, soldiers, and peasants…

homohortus31.wordpress.com/202

Homo Hortus · The Evolution of Soviets: From Revolutionary Origins to Bolshevik Power🔴 Soviets: From workers’ spontaneous councils to revolutionary power structures! A remarkable journey through Russia’s political transformation, revealing how grassroots movements can r…

The state often makes use of its former opponents once they are safely dead and no longer the threat they were in life. The Ukrainian state and its media have done this with the legendary anarchist communist Nestor Makhno.

Makhno, a native of Huliaipole in the Zaporizhzhia region of Ukraine, was a lifelong anarchist revolutionary. The son of poor peasants, he joined his local anarchist communist group in 1906, subsequently spending nine years in prison for his involvement with the killing of a district police officer. Whilst in prison he developed his politics and when liberated by the Provisional Government in 1917, he returned to his home town and was elected chair of the local carpenters and metal workers union and the local Soviet of Peasants and Workers Deputies and threw himself into the maelstrom of the Russian revolution in Ukraine. He has become most well known for leading the Revolutionary Insurgent Army, also known as the Black Army. This politico-military force combatted the White counter-revolutionary armies and, eventually the Red Army. But it also vigorously fought Ukrainian Nationalists, a faction of whom had murdered Makhno’s brother, Omelian. Makhno was no friend of any sort of nationalism – neither Ukrainian or Russian. The ‘Makhnovist’ movement attempted to create free territory based on self-managed communes. The largest of these was named after Rosa Luxemburg, the Polish Marxist of Jewish descent. Hardly the actions of Ukrainian nationalists!

But that hasn’t stopped Makhno being claimed as a Ukrainian patriot, despite all the evidence to the contrary. Whilst this started before the Russian invasion, it has increased during the war with many fighters claiming to be in the tradition of Makhno and with nationalists using imagery associated with the Makhnovists. This took an interesting turn with the destruction of the Huliaipole Museum on August 23rd this year, following a Russian missile attack. This local museum centres Huliaipole’s most famous son and the movement associated with his name, with displays and permanent exhibitions. The exhibits, however, were moved into central State storage facilities for safekeeping away from the frontline town the day before the attack.

The destruction of the museum, seen as a direct attack upon Ukrainian and Zaporozhzian culture, has been used to whip up patriotic sentiment and Makhno’s memory, reimagined as a national hero – a sort of national anarchist – has been used to mobilise support for war at a time when resistance to conscription is at its highest point since the beginning of the conflict.

Added to this, the Huliaipole’s statue of Makhno, which was partially destroyed by a Russian attack on May 23rd, has recently been replaced with fanfare with the addition of a Ukrainian national flag in the hand of a man who never would have held it in real life. The replacement has hoped to raise morale in a town where the only civic building still fully functioning was the museum. Since May 2023 no ATMs, no doctors, with only 1 shop open 2 hours per day accepting only cash, and only 600 civilians remaining from a pre-war 14,000.

Odessa based historian, Vyacheslav Azarov gives some background to attempts to co-opt Makhno to the nationalist cause:
“The first campaign to privatise Makhnovism by nationalists began during the “orange” demonstrations of 2004 and the subsequent rule of Victor Yushchenko. The organizers of the first Maidan tried to compare their political technology events with the people’s liberation of Huliaipole, and the patriotic grant activists led by Oles Doniy actively called for the “posthumous Ukrainisation” of Makhno. They did not hide the fact that the appropriation of Makhnovist heritage was necessary for the purpose of promoting nationalist ideology in the territories of the South-East, which was hostile to the Banderist movement. The peak of this campaign was the ceremonial installation of the monument to the Batko in Huliaipole, which was organized by the then Minister of Internal Affairs Yuriy Lutsenko with the financial support of a well-known oligarch from Zaporozhye. The monument is certainly good – but the fact that the police minister stood behind it, who then dropped the phrase: “if you want, call me a racist!”, gave the events an absurd character. This political privatisation has been seen at the Independence Day with Makhno festival, which was held in Huliaipole for several years in a row under the patronage of the same Lutsenko. Banderist flags were flying over the concert venue, anti-Semitic and xenophobic slogans were heard from the stage, the organizers forbade performing Russian-language songs and generally speaking Russian on stage – the native language for the absolute majority of Huliaipole residents. Uncommitted guests of the Makhnofest noted the dominance of nationalists and reactionary rhetoric – suffice it to say that the cult Odessa Nazi Maxim Chayka took part in it. And all this completely contradicted the ideas and views of the outstanding Ukrainian anarchist.”

Sad and bitter days in the birthplace of Makhno.

Source: Anarchist Communist Group

https://abolitionmedia.noblogs.org/post/2024/09/25/makhno-in-the-service-of-the-ukrainian-war-effort/

Continued thread

"In a way the Bolshevik revolution created the 20th century. It created all of the far right reactions to it. I don't know how far we can go with this counterfactual, whether with a Left-SR revolution you don't get Hitler but... maybe you don't?"

#DavidRunciman, 2024

"I think you don't, and I think it's much easier with counterfactuals to identity what you don't get than what you do get."

#EdwardActon, 2024

shows.acast.com/pastpresentfut

(2/?)

"David talks to the historian of Russia Edward Acton about how the Russian Revolution might have unfolded if the Left SRs and not the Bolsheviks had come out on top. Could Lenin have been sidelined? Might the Terror have been avoided? And what would it have meant to the wider world if revolutionary socialism had been liberated from Marxist communism?"

shows.acast.com/pastpresentfut

(1/?)

Nestor Makhno died on July 25th, 1934. A committed anarchist communist all of his life, he suffered prison, where he contracted the TB that finally killed him, many wounds which left his body scarred in many places, and exile and poverty, yet he stuck to his ideas.

“The freedom of any individual carries within it the seed of a free and complete community without government, a free society that lives in organic and decentralised totality, united in its pursuit of the great human goal: Anarchist Communism!” Nestor Ivanovych Makhno.

Speech given on July 17th, 1921, to the defeated Makhnovist forces before they withdrew over the border to Romania : “The communism to which we aspire assumes that there is individual freedom, equality, self-management, initiative, creativity and plenty. We have spelled out our thoughts in our ‘Declarations.’ We have had the chance and we have striven to build a society on the libertarian principles of non-violence, but the Bolsheviks have not allowed us to proceed with this. They have turned the clash of ideas into a struggle against men. Not only has the entire State apparatus, despised by the people, with its functionaries and its prisons and so on, not been liquidated, but it has simply been re-cast. The Bolsheviks have proclaimed might as their only right.

The foundations of the society that the Bolshevik-Communists have laid, after eliminating all other parties and rivals, have nothing to do with communism. They amount to a closed, semi-military sect of ‘soldiers of Marx, blindly disciplined and with pretensions to infallibility, rejecting any quibbles and in hot pursuit of the goal of a totalitarian State which grants neither freedoms nor rights to its citizens and which peddles a novel brand of ideological racism. It breaks the people up into ‘their own ‘ and ‘the rest.’ In many respects, it is an absurdity. They deprive the toilers of all their dreams of a better life and they are building the most wretched, most unfair police society from which the joys of labor, creativity and the spirit of enterprise are to be banished.
Their experiments will be pointless and they will co-opt folk of the same outlook, authority will be extended through the conjuring up of unanswerable demagogues and dictators. They will rule and, by means of prisons and coercion, they will compel the toilers to work themselves to death for a glass of buttermilk … They will tear everything down and eliminate all who are not to the Party’s taste or ideologically in tune with it … They will devise an astronomical schedule of punishments …

People’s sole preoccupation will be with survival in such frighteningly oppressive conditions. But it cannot continue forever. The strengthening of authority will inevitably lead to a complete psychological and ideological breakdown between those in charge and the toilers.

Comrades!
Be vigilant and do not cast aside your weapons for they will soon serve you again! Do not trust the Bolsheviks! We part with the feeling that we have done our revolutionary duty. Long live solidarity and unity of the toilers! Long live the third social revolution! My thanks to all of you for everything!”

Anarchist Communist Group

https://abolitionmedia.noblogs.org/post/2024/07/26/commemorating-death-of-nestor-makhno/